What are the two treponemal tests mentioned?

The correct answer highlights two specific treponemal tests: FTA-ABS and MHA-TP. These tests are designed to detect antibodies to Treponema pallidum, the bacterium responsible for syphilis.

The FTA-ABS, or Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption test, is a highly sensitive and specific test that confirms syphilis infection by detecting antibodies that are specifically produced in response to the Treponema pallidum bacterium. It can remain positive for a long time, even after successful treatment, which makes it particularly useful for confirming a diagnosis.

MHA-TP, or Microhemagglutination Assay for Treponema Pallidum, is another treponemal test that also serves to detect antibodies against Treponema pallidum. It functions by assessing the agglutination of red blood cells coated with treponemal antigens when mixed with a patient’s serum. Like the FTA-ABS, this test is particularly reliable for diagnosing syphilis.

Understanding these tests is crucial for diagnosing syphilis accurately, as they are specific for the bacterium, unlike non-treponemal tests such as RPR and VDRL