Which antigens have a major influence on the survival of transplanted organs?

HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) and ABO blood group antigens play a crucial role in the survival of transplanted organs because they are key components in the immune response to foreign tissues. HLA molecules are highly polymorphic proteins that are expressed on the surface of nearly all cells in the body and are essential for the immune system to recognize self from non-self. When an organ is transplanted, the recipient's immune system can recognize the HLA antigens on the donor organ as foreign, leading to an immune response that may result in rejection.

In addition, ABO blood group antigens are fundamental in determining blood compatibility. If the blood group antigens of the donor organ do not match those of the recipient, it can initiate a strong acute rejection response. Therefore, compatibility of both HLA and ABO antigens is critical in minimizing the risk of transplant rejection and ensuring the success and longevity of the transplanted organ.

Other options given do not have the same significant impact on transplant survival. For instance, while RBCs and plasma proteins are important for overall blood function and compatibility in transfusions, they do not directly influence graft survival like HLA and ABO antigens do. Likewise, IgA and IgM are classes of antibodies that play roles